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For scientific notes which need to be able to contain mathematical symbols and the occasional formula, Org-mode supports embedding LaTeX code into its files. You can directly use TeX-like syntax for special symbols, enter formulas and entire LaTeX environments.
Angles are written as Greek letters \alpha, \beta and \gamma. The mass of the sun is M_sun = 1.989 x 10^30 kg. The radius of the sun is R_{sun} = 6.96 x 10^8 m. If $a^2=b$ and $b=2$, then the solution must be either $a=+\sqrt{2}$ or $a=-\sqrt{2}$. \begin{equation} x=\sqrt{b} \end{equation}
With special setup, LaTeX snippets will be included as images when exporting to HTML.
Further reading
Chapter 11 of the manual